{"id":53043,"date":"2025-09-24T04:48:40","date_gmt":"2025-09-23T19:48:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=53043"},"modified":"2025-09-24T04:48:40","modified_gmt":"2025-09-23T19:48:40","slug":"no-more-confusion-the-ultimate-chemistry-recipe-to-convert-mass-percent-molarity-normality-n-and-ppm-with-ease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=53043&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"[No More Confusion!] The Ultimate Chemistry Recipe to Convert Mass Percent, Molarity, Normality (N), and ppm with Ease"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #339966;\"><strong>This is Ken Kuwako, the Science Trainer. Every day is an experiment.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Have you ever been following a recipe and wondered what &#8220;a pinch of salt&#8221; really means? In the world of chemistry, we have a similar situation with several ways to express &#8220;concentration,&#8221; and scientists choose the best one for the job. Today, let&#8217;s explore how to switch between two of these units: mass percent concentration, which you might remember from science class, and the more professional molar concentration (molarity). Understanding these calculations will make the world of chemistry feel much more approachable, and your experiments will become more fun\u2014and safer!<\/p>\n<p>For details on how to actually dilute solutions, please <a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=38063\">see this article<\/a>.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"Dh3ppwatuX\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=38063\">\u5869\u9178\u30fb\u786b\u9178\u30fb\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u30fb\u5869\u5316\u9285\u306e\u5e0c\u91c8\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5e0c\u91c8\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u3092\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u3088\u3046\uff01\uff5e\u85ac\u54c1\u306e\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3068\u6388\u696d\u6e96\u5099\uff5e\uff09<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; visibility: hidden;\" title=\"&#8220;\u5869\u9178\u30fb\u786b\u9178\u30fb\u30a2\u30f3\u30e2\u30cb\u30a2\u30fb\u5869\u5316\u9285\u306e\u5e0c\u91c8\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5e0c\u91c8\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u3092\u62bc\u3055\u3048\u3088\u3046\uff01\uff5e\u85ac\u54c1\u306e\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u3068\u6388\u696d\u6e96\u5099\uff5e\uff09&#8221; &#8212; \u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u30cd\u30bf\u5e33\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=38063&#038;embed=true#?secret=LrRZythgVf#?secret=Dh3ppwatuX\" data-secret=\"Dh3ppwatuX\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3>The Basics of Concentration: Understanding the Difference in Units<\/h3>\n<p>In junior high textbooks, &#8220;mass percent concentration&#8221; is common, but in professional lab manuals and research papers, &#8220;molar concentration&#8221; is the standard. So, let&#8217;s master how to convert between these two freely. Knowing the calculation method is not only convenient, but most importantly, it gives you confidence.<\/p>\n<p>Both mass percent and molar concentration share the same basic idea:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Solute (what&#8217;s dissolved) \u00f7 Solution (the whole thing)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The only difference is the units. Mass percent concentration is based on mass (g).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Solute (<strong>g<\/strong>) \u00f7 Solution (<strong>g<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p>Molar concentration, on the other hand, uses the mole (mol), which focuses on the number of particles for chemical reactions, and volume (L).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Solute (<strong>mol<\/strong>) \u00f7 Solution (<strong>L<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s try a real example and convert a 2 mol\/L hydrochloric acid solution to mass percent concentration. <a href=\"https:\/\/direct.hpc-j.co.jp\/page\/hydrochloric_acid\">According to this conversion chart, 2 mol\/L hydrochloric acid should be about 7%<\/a>. Let&#8217;s do the math and see if that&#8217;s true!<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-40647 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/c1609344dec9cb84015679a8a8c09dc3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"455\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/c1609344dec9cb84015679a8a8c09dc3.jpg 1474w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/c1609344dec9cb84015679a8a8c09dc3-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/c1609344dec9cb84015679a8a8c09dc3-1024x502.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/c1609344dec9cb84015679a8a8c09dc3-768x376.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 455px) 100vw, 455px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Practice! From Molar Concentration to Mass Percent<\/h3>\n<p>First, let&#8217;s gather the necessary information. The molecular weight of hydrochloric acid (HCl): We add the atomic weights. Hydrogen (H) is 1 and Chlorine (Cl) is 35.5, so 1 + 35.5 = 36.5. The density of 2 mol\/L hydrochloric acid: <a href=\"https:\/\/direct.hpc-j.co.jp\/page\/hydrochloric_acid\">This source says it&#8217;s 1.03 g\/cm\u00b3<\/a>. This means every 1 cm\u00b3 has a mass of 1.03 g.<\/p>\n<p>Now, let&#8217;s base our calculation on 1 L of the solution.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Solute: 2 mol \u27f6 2 \u00d7 36.5 = 73 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">Solution: 1 L = 1000 cm\u00b3 \u27f6 1000 \u00d7 1.03 g\/cm\u00b3 = 1030 g<\/p>\n<p>So, we have 73 g of hydrogen chloride dissolved in 1 L (1030 g) of the solution. If we plug this into the mass percent formula&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">73 (g) \u00f7 1030 (g) = 0.070\u2026 In other words, about 7%!<\/p>\n<p>It perfectly matches the value from the chart!<\/p>\n<h3>Let&#8217;s Try the Reverse! From Mass Percent to Molar Concentration<\/h3>\n<p>Next, let&#8217;s tackle the reverse calculation. As long as we convert the units one by one, we can always get back to where we started. For example, let&#8217;s find the molar concentration of a 7% hydrochloric acid solution with a density of 1.03 g\/mL. The key to molarity is figuring out &#8220;how many moles of solute are in 1 L of solution.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>First, let&#8217;s calculate the mass of 1 L of the solution.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"s1\">Solution: 1 L = 1000 mL \u27f6 1000 mL \u00d7 1.03 g\/mL = 1030 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Of this, 7% is the mass of the solute (hydrogen chloride).<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"s1\">Solute: 1030 g \u00d7 0.07 = 72.1 g<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Finally, let&#8217;s convert the mass of the solute into moles. We divide by the molecular weight of hydrogen chloride (36.5).<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"s1\">72.1 (<strong>g<\/strong>) \u00f7 36.5 (g\/mol) \u2252 1.97 (<strong>mol<\/strong>)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Since there are 1.97 moles in 1 L of the solution, the concentration is about 2 mol\/L. Nailed it again!<\/p>\n<h3>Helpful Calculation Tools<\/h3>\n<p>It seems someone has created a concentration conversion tool for commonly used chemicals like hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide. It&#8217;s a great way to double-check your work.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/keisan.casio.jp\/menu\/person\/TaikiIkekame\">https:\/\/keisan.casio.jp\/menu\/person\/TaikiIkekame<\/a><\/p>\n<p>For instance, with hydrochloric acid, you can use this site and just enter &#8220;7%&#8221; to immediately get a precise value of &#8220;1.981 mol\/L.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/keisan.casio.jp\/exec\/user\/1480248881\">https:\/\/keisan.casio.jp\/exec\/user\/1480248881<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-40648 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/9457fbe2aec38817a78d6150c47bfc26.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"522\" height=\"220\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/9457fbe2aec38817a78d6150c47bfc26.jpg 1552w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/9457fbe2aec38817a78d6150c47bfc26-300x126.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/9457fbe2aec38817a78d6150c47bfc26-1024x432.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/9457fbe2aec38817a78d6150c47bfc26-768x324.jpg 768w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/9457fbe2aec38817a78d6150c47bfc26-1536x647.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 522px) 100vw, 522px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>[Fun Fact #1] What&#8217;s the Difference Between Hydrochloric Acid and Hydrogen Chloride?<\/h3>\n<p>People often mix these up, but hydrogen chloride (HCl) is a gas at room temperature. When that gas dissolves in water, the resulting aqueous solution is called hydrochloric acid. In fact, the stomach acid in our bodies is mainly hydrochloric acid, and it helps us digest food! Just be careful not to mistake &#8220;hydrogen chloride (HCl)&#8221; for just &#8220;chlorine (Cl).&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3>[Fun Fact #2] What is Normality (N)?<\/h3>\n<p>Another unit called Normality (N) also exists. It&#8217;s the molar concentration multiplied by the &#8220;power number&#8221; (valence) of an acid or base. For example, hydrochloric acid (HCl) has a power of 1 (it&#8217;s monovalent), so if its molarity is 1 mol\/L, its normality is also 1 N. On the other hand, sulfuric acid (H\u2082SO\u2084) has a power of 2 (divalent), so 1 mol\/L would be 2 N. It&#8217;s a handy unit when you want to intuitively compare the reactive strength of acids and bases. For more details, <a href=\"https:\/\/labchem-wako.fujifilm.com\/jp\/question\/013355.html\">please see here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>[Fun Fact #3] How small is ppm?<\/h3>\n<p>&#8220;ppm&#8221; stands for &#8220;parts per million&#8221; and means &#8220;1 in a million.&#8221; While percent is parts per hundred, ppm is parts per million. It&#8217;s used to describe extremely small concentrations.<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"s1\">Mass of solute (mg) \/ Mass of solution (kg)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A state of 1 ppm is when just 1 mg of a solute is dissolved in 1 kg (1000 g) of solution.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-40649 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ab56ebbb820e6c118f830babeed77f85.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 230px) 100vw, 230px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ab56ebbb820e6c118f830babeed77f85.jpg 748w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ab56ebbb820e6c118f830babeed77f85-214x300.jpg 214w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/ab56ebbb820e6c118f830babeed77f85-729x1024.jpg 729w\" alt=\"\" width=\"379\" height=\"532\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Just how small is that?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Just 1 gram within a 1-ton truck.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>1 yen out of 1 million yen.<\/li>\n<li>I heard at a workshop that the odds of winning the grand prize in the New Year&#8217;s postcard lottery in Japan is about 1 ppm! (<a href=\"https:\/\/seikatuhack.com\/otosidama-nenngajyou-keihinn\/#2020\">I looked it up<\/a>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Thinking about it this way, you can really feel how incredibly tiny a ppm is.<\/p>\n<h3>Practice Problem: Let&#8217;s Try Converting Sodium Hydroxide<\/h3>\n<p>Finally, let&#8217;s practice with sodium hydroxide. We&#8217;ll convert a 2% sodium hydroxide solution to molar concentration. <a href=\"https:\/\/direct.hpc-j.co.jp\/page\/sodium_hydroxide\">Referring to this chart, the density is 1.02 g\/mL (it seems the 1.03 g\/mL in the original article was for HCl, so we&#8217;ll use this value). The answer should be 0.51 mol\/L<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-40651 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/11546efaf50b9eac41e9a345fa77f498.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"476\" height=\"366\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/11546efaf50b9eac41e9a345fa77f498.jpg 1048w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/11546efaf50b9eac41e9a345fa77f498-300x230.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/11546efaf50b9eac41e9a345fa77f498-1024x786.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/11546efaf50b9eac41e9a345fa77f498-768x589.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 476px) 100vw, 476px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>First, calculate the mass of 1 L of the solution.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1000 mL \u00d7 1.02 g\/mL = 1020 g<\/p>\n<p>2% of this is the amount of solute.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">1020 g \u00d7 0.02 = 20.4 g<\/p>\n<p>Now, convert this to moles. The molecular weight of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is 40.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">20.4 g \/ 40 (g\/mol) = 0.51 mol<\/p>\n<p>So, with 0.51 moles per liter, the molar concentration is 0.51 mol\/L. It&#8217;s a perfect match with the chart&#8217;s value!<br \/>\nEven if you check it on this website, the results are nearly identical.<\/p>\n<p>Sodium Hydroxide Concentration Conversion: <a href=\"https:\/\/keisan.casio.jp\/exec\/user\/1480256880\">https:\/\/keisan.casio.jp\/exec\/user\/1480256880<\/a><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-40653 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/353fee50af3e6fba1a9c91cc3c632920.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"559\" height=\"234\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/353fee50af3e6fba1a9c91cc3c632920.jpg 1548w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/353fee50af3e6fba1a9c91cc3c632920-300x126.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/353fee50af3e6fba1a9c91cc3c632920-1024x429.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/353fee50af3e6fba1a9c91cc3c632920-768x321.jpg 768w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/353fee50af3e6fba1a9c91cc3c632920-1536x643.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 559px) 100vw, 559px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>Reference<\/h3>\n<p>For the hydrochloric acid often used in middle school, it&#8217;s convenient to dilute concentrated HCl all at once. For example, to make a 10% HCl solution, you add 3.2 parts water to 1 part concentrated HCl by volume. To turn a whole 500 cm\u00b3 bottle of concentrated HCl into a 10% solution, you would dilute it with 1600 cm\u00b3 of water. It&#8217;s useful to dilute and store it in a 3-liter <a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/3seeikc\">polyethylene container (Amazon)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<div style=\"border: 1px solid #95a5a6; border-radius: .75rem; background-color: #ffffff; width: 184px; margin: 0px; padding: 5px; text-align: center; overflow: hidden;\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 80px;\"><a style=\"word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/hb.afl.rakuten.co.jp\/ichiba\/2c6a2576.25faaa1b.2c6a2577.0abda625\/?pc=https%3A%2F%2Fitem.rakuten.co.jp%2Fnagamineshouten%2Fpo-3%2F&amp;link_type=picttext&amp;ut=eyJwYWdlIjoiaXRlbSIsInR5cGUiOiJwaWN0dGV4dCIsInNpemUiOiI4MHg4MCIsIm5hbSI6MSwibmFtcCI6InJpZ2h0IiwiY29tIjoxLCJjb21wIjoiZG93biIsInByaWNlIjoxLCJib3IiOjEsImNvbCI6MSwiYmJ0biI6MSwicHJvZCI6MCwiYW1wIjpmYWxzZX0%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" style=\"margin: 2px;\" title=\"[\u5546\u54c1\u4fa1\u683c\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u304c\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3068\u73fe\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002]\" src=\"https:\/\/hbb.afl.rakuten.co.jp\/hgb\/2c6a2576.25faaa1b.2c6a2577.0abda625\/?me_id=1240371&amp;item_id=10000489&amp;pc=https%3A%2F%2Fthumbnail.image.rakuten.co.jp%2F%400_mall%2Fnagamineshouten%2Fcabinet%2Fporikan%2F3-1.jpg%3F_ex%3D80x80&amp;s=80x80&amp;t=picttext\" alt=\"[\u5546\u54c1\u4fa1\u683c\u306b\u95a2\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u30af\u304c\u4f5c\u6210\u3055\u308c\u305f\u6642\u70b9\u3068\u73fe\u6642\u70b9\u3067\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u5909\u66f4\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3054\u3056\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002]\" border=\"0\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"vertical-align: top; width: 88px;\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left; margin: 0px; padding: 2px 6px; word-wrap: break-word;\"><a style=\"word-wrap: break-word;\" href=\"https:\/\/hb.afl.rakuten.co.jp\/ichiba\/2c6a2576.25faaa1b.2c6a2577.0abda625\/?pc=https%3A%2F%2Fitem.rakuten.co.jp%2Fnagamineshouten%2Fpo-3%2F&amp;link_type=picttext&amp;ut=eyJwYWdlIjoiaXRlbSIsInR5cGUiOiJwaWN0dGV4dCIsInNpemUiOiI4MHg4MCIsIm5hbSI6MSwibmFtcCI6InJpZ2h0IiwiY29tIjoxLCJjb21wIjoiZG93biIsInByaWNlIjoxLCJib3IiOjEsImNvbCI6MSwiYmJ0biI6MSwicHJvZCI6MCwiYW1wIjpmYWxzZX0%3D\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow sponsored noopener\">\u5b9a\u5f62\u5916\u9001\u6599\u7121\u6599\u3000\u3010\u65e5\u672c\u88fd \u3011\u3000\u30dd\u30ea\u30bf\u30f3\u30af\u30003L\u3000250g<\/a><br \/>\n\u4fa1\u683c\uff1a935\u5186\uff08\u7a0e\u8fbc\u3001\u9001\u6599\u7121\u6599) <span style=\"color: #bbb;\">(2022\/10\/21\u6642\u70b9)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 12px; line-height: 1.4em; margin: 5px; word-wrap: break-word;\">\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>Contact &amp; Inquiries<\/h3>\n<p>Bringing the wonder and fun of science closer to you! I create easy-to-understand guides for fun science experiments you can do at home. Please feel free to search for various topics!<br \/>\n\u30fbAbout the operator, Ken Kuwako, <a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?page_id=188\">click here<\/a>.<br \/>\n\u30fbFor various requests (writing, lectures, experiment workshops, TV supervision, appearances, etc.), <a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?page_id=188\">click here<\/a>.<br \/>\n<span class=\"s2\">\u30fbArticle updates are posted on <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/kuwako\">X (formerly Twitter)<\/a>!<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/kkuwako\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-35048\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/3d9640dad7bc5538e76f92da1966ee19.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"30\" height=\"21\" \/><\/a> Check out experiment videos on my <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/user\/kkuwako?sub_confirmation=1\">Science Content Channel<\/a>!<\/p>\n<h3>\uff15\u6708\u306e\u30a4\u30c1\u30aa\u30b7\u5b9f\u9a13\uff01<\/h3>\r\n<p>\u30ad\u30fc\u30f3\u3068\u51b7\u3048\u308b\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30a4\u30b9\uff01\u6c17\u6e29\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3053\u306e\u6642\u671f\u30fb\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30a4\u30b9\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u6607\u83ef\u30fb\u51dd\u7d50\u30fb\u7b49\u901f\u5ea6\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\u306e\u5b9f\u9a13\u306f\u3044\u304b\u304c\uff1f<\/p>\r\n<p><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-39516 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0618612becc032a60bdda50090ccccbe.jpg\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 550px) 100vw, 550px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0618612becc032a60bdda50090ccccbe.jpg 1406w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0618612becc032a60bdda50090ccccbe-300x168.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0618612becc032a60bdda50090ccccbe-1024x572.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0618612becc032a60bdda50090ccccbe-768x429.jpg 768w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/0618612becc032a60bdda50090ccccbe-320x180.jpg 320w\" alt=\"\" width=\"453\" height=\"253\" \/><\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=39513\">\u6db2\u4f53\u30bc\u30ed\uff01\u30c9\u30e9\u30a4\u30a2\u30a4\u30b9\u304c\u6d88\u3048\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\uff13\u6642\u9593\u3092\u79d1\u5b66\u3059\u308b\uff08\u6607\u83ef\u30fb\u51dd\u7d50\u30fb\u7b49\u901f\u5ea6\u76f4\u7dda\u904b\u52d5\uff09<\/a><\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b><strong>\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\u756a\u7d44\u76e3\u4fee\u30fb\u30a4\u30d9\u30f3\u30c8\u7b49\u306e\u304a\u77e5\u3089\u305b<\/strong><\/b><\/span><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>4\u670830\u65e5\uff08\u6728\uff09\u300cTHE\u7a81\u7834\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u300d\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u30c6\u30ec\u30d3\uff09\u306e<a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=62906\">\u79d1\u5b66\u76e3\u4fee\u3092\u62c5\u5f53\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f<\/a>\u3002<\/li>\r\n<li>5\u67088\u65e5\uff08\u91d1\uff09<a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=62629\">\u7406\u79d1\u6559\u80b2\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9<\/a>\u3092\u62c5\u5f53\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/li>\r\n<li>6\u670814\u65e5\uff08\u65e5\uff09\u3000\u5343\u8449\u5927\u5b66\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30bf\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u300c\u63a2\u7a76\u300d\u306b\u3066\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3092\u52d9\u3081\u307e\u3059<\/li>\r\n<li>6\u670826\u65e5\uff08\u91d1\uff09\u3000\u5343\u8449\u5927\u5b66\u306e\u516c\u958b\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\uff08\u4e2d\u5b66\u7406\u79d1\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u6388\u696d\u516c\u958b\u4e88\u5b9a\uff09<\/li>\r\n<li>7\u670818\u65e5\uff08\u571f\uff09\u3000<a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=60018\">\u6559\u54e1\u5411\u3051\u5b9f\u9a13\u8b1b\u7fd2\u4f1a\u300c\u30ca\u30ea\u30ab\u30ab\u30b5\u30a4\u30a8\u30f3\u30b9\u30a2\u30ab\u30c7\u30df\u30fc\u300d\u306e\u8b1b\u5e2b\u3092\u3057\u307e\u3059<\/a>\u3002\u304a\u4f1a\u3044\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><b>\u66f8\u7c4d<strong>\u306e\u304a\u77e5\u3089\u305b<\/strong><\/b><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li>\u300e\u5927\u4eba\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u9ad8\u6821\u7269\u7406\u5fa9\u7fd2\u5e33\u300f\uff08\u8b1b\u8ac7\u793e\uff09\u2026\u4e00\u822c\u5411\u3051\u306b\u65e5\u5e38\u306e\u7269\u7406\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u516c\u5f0f\u3092\u5143\u306b\u7d10\u89e3\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=1827\">\u7279\u8a2d\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8<\/a>\u3067\u306f\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u591a\u6570\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<strong>\u203b\u5897\u5237\u304c\u304b\u304b\u308a\uff16\u5237\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\uff082026\/02\/01\uff09<br \/><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-10940 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/0811159a99f69eeff1a357e3daed84e0-300x262.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/0811159a99f69eeff1a357e3daed84e0-300x262.jpg 300w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/0811159a99f69eeff1a357e3daed84e0.jpg 311w\" alt=\"\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30fc\u30f3\u30b7\u30e7\u30c3\u30c8 2014-07-05 0.43.51\" width=\"220\" height=\"192\" \/><br \/><\/strong><\/li>\r\n<li>\u300e\u304d\u3081\u308b!\u5171\u901a\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8 \u7269\u7406\u57fa\u790e \u6539\u8a02\u7248\u300f\uff08\u5b66\u7814\uff09\u2026\u3000\u9ad8\u6821\u7269\u7406\u306e\u53c2\u8003\u66f8\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30a4\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u591a\u304f\u3057\u3066\u30a4\u30e1\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u6301\u3066\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\u6388\u696d\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u3044\u3051\u306a\u3044\u3001\u7269\u7406\u304c\u82e6\u624b\u3001\u305d\u3093\u306a\u751f\u5f92\u306b\u304a\u3059\u3059\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002<a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=45322\">\u7279\u8a2d\u30b5\u30a4\u30c8<\/a>\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u3002<br \/><img class=\"alignnone wp-image-45718 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dc1da64a8c8d1422062b4867c0607a1c.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 184px) 100vw, 184px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dc1da64a8c8d1422062b4867c0607a1c.jpg 756w, https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/dc1da64a8c8d1422062b4867c0607a1c-300x269.jpg 300w\" alt=\"\" width=\"184\" height=\"165\" \/><\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<h3><span style=\"text-align: center;\">\u5404\u7a2eSNS\uff08\u66f4\u65b0\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u304a\u5c4a\u3051\uff01\uff09<\/span><\/h3>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"text-align: center;\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/kuwako\">X(Twitter)<\/a><span style=\"text-align: center;\">\uff0f<\/span><a style=\"text-align: center;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/science_seeds\/\">instagram<\/a><span style=\"text-align: center;\">\uff0f<\/span><a style=\"text-align: center;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/kuwakolab\/\">Facebook<\/a>\uff08\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\uff09<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a style=\"text-align: center;\" href=\"https:\/\/bsky.app\/profile\/kagakunoneta.bsky.social\">BlueSky<\/a><span style=\"text-align: center;\">\uff0f<\/span><a style=\"text-align: center;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.threads.net\/@science_seeds?hl=ja\">Threads<\/a>\uff08\u82f1\u8a9e\uff09<\/p>\r\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Explore<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n<ul>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?page_id=30764\">\u697d\u3057\u3044\u5b9f\u9a13<\/a>\u2026\u304a\u5b50\u3055\u3093\u3068\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u5922\u4e2d\u306b\u306a\u308c\u308b\u30a4\u30c1\u30aa\u30b7\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u5b9f\u9a13\u3092\u591a\u6570\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u9ad8\u6821\u7269\u7406\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u52d5\u753b\u6559\u6750\u3082\u7528\u610f\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?page_id=798\">\u7406\u79d1\u306e\u6559\u6750<\/a>\u2026 \u7406\u79d1\u6559\u5e2b\u3092\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\uff01\u6388\u696d\u306e\u8cea\u3092\u9ad8\u3081\u3001\u6e96\u5099\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u5316\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u9078\u308a\u3059\u3050\u308a\u306e\u6559\u6750\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\r\n<li><a 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href=\"http:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?page_id=37\">About<\/a>\u00a0\u2026\u300c\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u30cd\u30bf\u5e33\u300d\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30bb\u30d7\u30c8\u3084\u3001\u904b\u55b6\u8005\u3067\u3042\u308b\u6851\u5b50\u7814\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30eb\u30fb\u60f3\u3044\u3092\u307e\u3068\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/li>\r\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?page_id=188\">\u304a\u554f\u3044\u5408\u308f\u305b<\/a> \u2026\u5b9f\u9a13\u6559\u5ba4\u306e\u3054\u4f9d\u983c\u3001\u57f7\u7b46\u30fb\u8b1b\u6f14\u306e\u76f8\u8ac7\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u76e3\u4fee\u7b49\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089\u306e\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0\u304b\u3089\u304a\u5bc4\u305b\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This is Ken Kuwako, the Science Trainer. Every day is an experiment. Have you ever been following a recipe and [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":41309,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_sitemap_exclude":false,"_sitemap_priority":"","_sitemap_frequency":"","sns_share_botton_hide":"","vkExUnit_sns_title":"","vkexunit_cta_each_option":"","_lightning_design_setting":{"layout":"default"},"footnotes":""},"categories":[781],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-53043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-en"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/e5cd684ec3b3da62522a443124fc2e5e.jpg","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":52808,"url":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=52808&lang=en","url_meta":{"origin":53043,"position":0},"title":"How to Dilute Hydrochloric Acid, Sulfuric Acid, Ammonia, and Copper Chloride: Master the Basics of Dilution for Safe Lab Prep!","author":"\u6851\u5b50 \u7814","date":"2025\u5e749\u670821\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"I'm Ken Kuwako, a science trainer. For me, every d\u2026","rel":"","context":"Science","block_context":{"text":"Science","link":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?cat=781&lang=en"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/cc621f1d3be999c49adc05edc33c39f8.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/cc621f1d3be999c49adc05edc33c39f8.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/cc621f1d3be999c49adc05edc33c39f8.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/cc621f1d3be999c49adc05edc33c39f8.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":56484,"url":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=56484&lang=en","url_meta":{"origin":53043,"position":1},"title":"Why You Should Never Feed Carp Bread: The Hidden Story of \u201cOsmosis\u201d!","author":"\u6851\u5b50 \u7814","date":"2025\u5e7411\u670829\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"I'm Ken Kuwako, your Science Trainer. Every day is\u2026","rel":"","context":"Science","block_context":{"text":"Science","link":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?cat=781&lang=en"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/976019c7aa9ae780bf26c3d2d8e0f74f.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/976019c7aa9ae780bf26c3d2d8e0f74f.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/976019c7aa9ae780bf26c3d2d8e0f74f.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/976019c7aa9ae780bf26c3d2d8e0f74f.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x"},"classes":[]},{"id":58293,"url":"https:\/\/phys-edu.net\/wp\/?p=58293&lang=en","url_meta":{"origin":53043,"position":2},"title":"Escape the Chemistry Labyrinth: Master Mole Calculations with One Simple Flowchart!","author":"\u6851\u5b50 \u7814","date":"2026\u5e741\u67083\u65e5","format":false,"excerpt":"I'm Ken Kuwako, your science trainer. 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